- PLANET X--'Roche limit':the distance within which an orbiting object will form rings. For the limits at which an orbiting object will be captured, see Roche lobe. SIMPLY STATED MASSIVE TIDAL FORCES,EQS AND VOLCANOS WILL ACCELERATE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roche_limit
This article is about the distance within which an orbiting object will form rings. For the limits at which an orbiting object will be captured, see Roche lobe. For the gravitational sphere of influence of one astronomical body in the face of perturbations from another heavier body around which it orbits, see Roche sphere.
Consider an orbiting mass of fluid held together by gravity, here viewed from above the orbital plane. Far from the Roche limit the mass is practically spherical.
Closer to the Roche limit the body is deformed by tidal forces.
Within the Roche limit the mass's own gravity can no longer withstand the tidal forces, and the body disintegrates.
Particles closer to the primary move more quickly than particles farther away, as represented by the red arrows.
The varying orbital speed of the material eventually causes it to form a ring.
The
Roche limit (pronounced /ʁoʃ/ in IPA, similar to the sound of
rosh), sometimes referred to as the
Roche radius, is the distance within which a celestial body, held together only by its own gravity, will disintegrate due to a second celestial body's tidal forces exceeding the first body's gravitational self-attraction.
[1] Inside the Roche limit, orbiting material disperses and forms rings whereas outside the limit material tends to coalesce. The term is named after Édouard Roche, who is the French astronomer who first calculated this theoretical limit in 1848.
[2]