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Constitution for the Federation of Earth

Preamble

Realizing that Humanity today has come to a turning point in history and that we are on the threshold of an new world order which promises to usher in an era of peace, prosperity, justice and harmony;

Aware of the interdependence of people, nations and all life;

Aware that man's abuse of science and technology has brought Humanity to the brink of disaster through the production of horrendous weaponry of mass destruction and to the brink of ecological and social catastrophe;

Aware that the traditional concept of security through military defense is a total illusion both for the present and for the future;

Aware of the misery and conflicts caused by ever increasing disparity between rich and poor;

Conscious of our obligation to posterity to save Humanity from imminent and total annihilation;

Conscious that Humanity is One despite the existence of diverse nations, races, creeds, ideologies and cultures and that the principle of unity in diversity is the basis for a new age when war shall be outlawed and peace prevail; when the earth's total resources shall be equitably used for human welfare; and when basic human rights and responsibilities shall be shared by all without discrimination;

Conscious of the inescapable reality that the greatest hope for the survival of life on earth is the establishment of a democratic world government;

We, citizens of the world, hereby resolve to establish a world federation to be governed in accordance with this Constitution for the Federation of Earth.
A CONSTITUTION FOR THE FEDERATION OF EARTH

Article 1 - Broad Functions of the World Government
Article 2 - Basic Structure of World Federation and World Government
Article 3 - Organs of the World Government
Article 4 - Grant of Specific Powers to the World Government
Article 5 - The World Parliament

Sec. A - Functions and Powers of the World Parliament
Sec. B - Composition of the World Parliament
Sec. C - The House of Peoples
Sec. D - The House of Nations
Sec. E - The House of Counsellors
Sec. F - Procedures of the World Parliament

Article 6 - The World Executive

Sec. A - Functions and Powers of the World Executive
Sec. B - Composition of the World Executive
Sec. C - The Presidium
Sec. D - The Executive Cabinet
Sec. E - Procedures of the World Executive
Sec. F - Limitations on the World Executive

Article 7 - The World Administration

Sec. A - Functions of the World Administration
Sec. B - Structure and Procedures of the World Administration

Sec. B-5 and 6: Secretary General of the Administration

Sec. C - Departments of the World Administration

Article 8 - The Integrative Complex

Sec. A - Definition
Sec. B - The World Civil Service Administration
Sec. C - The World Boundaries and Elections Administration
Sec. D - Institute on Governmental Procedures and World Problems
Sec. E - The Agency for Research and Planning
Sec. F - The Agency for Technological and Environmental Assessment
Sec. G - The World Financial Administration
Sec. H - Commission for Legislative Review

Article 9 - The World Judiciary

Sec. A - Jurisdiction of the World Supreme Court
Sec. B - Benches of the World Supreme Court
Sec. C - Seats of the World Supreme Court
Sec. D - The Collegium of World Judges
Sec. E - The Superior Tribunal of the World Supreme Court

Article 10 - The Enforcement System

Sec. A - Basic Principles
Sec. B - The Structure for Enforcement
Sec. C - The World Police
Sec. D - The Means of Enforcement

Article 11 - The World Ombudsmus

Sec. A - Functions and Powers of the World Ombudsmus
Sec. B - Composition of the World Ombudsmus

Article 12 - Bill of Rights for the Citizens of Earth
Article 13 - Directive Principles for the World Government
Article 14 - Safeguards and Reservations
Article 15 - World Federal Zones and the World Capitals
Article 16 - World Territories and Exterior Relations
Article 17 - Ratification and Implementation

Sec. A - Ratification of the World Constitution
Sec. B - Stages of Implementation
Sec. C - First Operative Stage of World Government
Sec. D - Second Operative Stage of World Government
Sec. E - Full Operative Stage of World Government
Sec. F - Costs of Ratification

Article 18 - Amendments
Article 19 - Provisional World Government

Sec. A - Actions to be Taken by the World Constituent Assembly
Sec. B - Work of the Preparatory Commissions
Sec. C - Composition of the Provisional World Parliament
Sec. D - Formation of the Provisional World Executive
Sec. E - First Actions of the Provisional World Government

Article 1 - Broad Functions of the World Government

The broad functions of the Federation of Earth shall be:

To prevent war, secure disarmament, and resolve territorial and other disputes which endanger peace and human rights.
To protect universal human rights, including life, liberty, security, democracy, and equal opportunities in life.
To obtain for all people on earth the conditions required for equitable economic and social development and for diminishing social differences.
To regulate world trade, communications, transportation, currency, standards, use of world resources, and other global and international processes.
To protect the environment and the ecological fabric of life from all sources of damage, and to control technological innovations whose effects transcend national boundaries, for the purpose of keeping Earth a safe, healthy and happy home for humanity .
To devise and implement solutions to all problems which are beyond the capacity of national governments, or which are now or may become of global or international concern or consequence.

Article 2 - Basic Structure of World Federation and World Government

The Federation of Earth shall be organized as a universal federation, to include all nations and all people, and to encompass all oceans, seas and lands of Earth, inclusive of non-self governing territories, together with the surrounding atmosphere.
The World Government for the Federation of Earth shall be non-military and shall be democratic in its own structure, with ultimate sovereignty residing in all the people who live on Earth.
The authority and powers granted to the World Government shall be limited to those defined in this Constitution for the Federation of Earth, applicable to problems and affairs which transcend national boundaries, leaving to national governments jurisdiction over the internal affairs of the respective nations but consistent with the authority of the World Government to protect universal human rights as defined in this World Constitution.
The basic direct electoral and administrative units of the World Government shall be World Electoral and Administrative Districts. A total of not more than 1000 World Electoral and Administrative Districts shall be defined, and shall be nearly equal i n population, within the limits of plus or minus ten percent.
Contiguous World Electoral and Administrative Districts shall be combined as may be appropriate to compose a total of twenty World Electoral and Administrative Regions for the following purposes, but not limited thereto: for the election or appointment of certain world government officials; for administrative purposes; for composing various organs of the world government as enumerated in Article IV; for the functioning of the Judiciary, the Enforcement System, and the Ombudsmus, as well as for the functioning of any other organ or agency of the World Government.
The World Electoral and Administrative Regions may be composed of a variable number of World Electoral and Administrative Districts, taking into consideration geographic, cultural, ecological and other factors as well as population.
Contiguous World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall be grouped together in pairs to compose Magna-Regions.
The boundaries for World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall not cross the boundaries of the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, and shall be common insofar as feasible for the various administrative departments and for the several organs and agencies of the World Government. Boundaries for the World Electoral and Administrative Districts as well as for the Regions need not conform to existing national boundaries, but shall conform as far as practicable.
The World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall be grouped to compose at least five Continental Divisions of the Earth, for the election or appointment of certain world government officials, and for certain aspects of the composition and functioning of the several organs and agencies of the World Government as specified hereinafter. The boundaries of Continental Divisions shall not cross existing national boundaries as far as practicable. Continental Divisions may be composed of a variable number of World Electoral and Administrative Regions.

Article 3 - Organs of the World Government

The organs of the World Government shall be:

The World Parliament.
The World Executive.
The World Administration.
The Integrative Complex.
The World Judiciary.
The Enforcement System.
The World Ombudsmus.

Article 4 - Grant of Specific Powers to the World Government

The powers of the World government to be exercised through its several organs and agencies shall comprise the following:

Prevent wars and armed conflicts among the nations, regions, districts, parts and peoples of Earth.
Supervise disarmament and prevent re-armament; prohibit and eliminate the design, testing, manufacture, sale, purchase, use and possession of weapons of mass destruction, and prohibit or regulate all lethal weapons which the World Parliament may decide.
Prohibit incitement to war, and discrimination against or defamation of conscientious objectors.
Provide the means for peaceful and just solutions of disputes and conflicts among or between nations, peoples, and/or other components within the Federation of Earth.
Supervise boundary settlements and conduct plebiscites as needed.
Define the boundaries for the districts, regions and divisions which are established for electoral, administrative, judicial and other purposes of the World Government.
Define and regulate procedures for the nomination and election of the members of each House of the World Parliament, and for the nomination, election, appointment and employment of all World Government officials and personnel.
Codify world laws, including the body of international law developed prior to adoption of the world constitution, but not inconsistent therewith, and which is approved by the World Parliament.
Establish universal standards for weights, measurements, accounting and records.
Provide assistance in the event of large scale calamities, including drouth, famine, pestilence, flood, earthquake, hurricane, ecological disruptions and other disasters.
Guarantee and enforce the civil liberties and the basic human rights which are defined in the Bill of Rights for the Citizens of Earth which is made a part of this World Constitution under Article 12.
Define standards and promote the worldwide improvement in working conditions, nutrition, health, housing, human settlements, environmental conditions, education, economic security, and other conditions defined under Article 13 of this World Constitution.
Regulate and supervise international transportation, communications, postal services, and migrations of people.
Regulate and supervise supra-national trade, industry, corporations, businesses, cartels, professional services, labor supply, finances, investments and insurance.
Secure and supervise the elimination of tariffs and other trade barriers among nations, but with provisions to prevent or minimize hardship for those previously protected by tariffs.
Raise the revenues and funds, by direct and/or indirect means, which are necessary for the purposes and activities of the World Government.
Establish and operate world financial, banking, credit and insurance institutions designed to serve human needs; establish, issue and regulate world currency, credit and exchange.
Plan for and regulate the development, use, conservation and re-cycling of the natural resources of Earth as the common heritage of Humanity; protect the environment in every way for the benefit of both present and future generations.
Create and operate a World Economic Development Organization to serve equitably the needs of all nations and people included within the World Federation.
Develop and implement solutions to transnational problems of food supply, agricultural production, soil fertility, soil conservation, pest control, diet, nutrition, drugs and poisons, and the disposal of toxic wastes.
Develop and implement means to control population growth in relation to the life-support capacities of Earth, and solve problems of population distribution.
Develop, protect, regulate and conserve the water supplies of Earth; develop, operate and/or coordinate transnational irrigation and other water supply and control projects; assure equitable allocation of trans- national water supplies, and protect against adverse trans-national effects of water or moisture diversion or weather control projects within national boundaries.
Own, administer and supervise the development and conservation of the oceans and sea-beds of Earth and all resources thereof, and protect from damage.
Protect from damage, and control and supervise the uses of the atmosphere of Earth.
Conduct inter-planetary and cosmic explorations and research; have exclusive jurisdiction over the Moon and over all satellites launched from Earth.
Establish, operate and/or coordinate global airlines, ocean transport systems, international railways and highways, global communication systems, and means for interplanetary travel and communications; control and administer vital waterways.
Develop, operate and/or coordinate transnational power systems, or networks of small units, integrating into the systems or networks power derived from the sun, wind, water, tides, heat differentials, magnetic forces, and any other source of safe, ecologically sound and continuing energy supply.
Control the mining, production, transportation and use of fossil sources of energy to the extent necessary to reduce and prevent damages to the environment and the ecology, as well as to prevent conflicts and conserve supplies for sustained use by succeeding generations.
Exercise exclusive jurisdiction and control over nuclear energy research and testing and nuclear power production, including the right to prohibit any form of testing or production considered hazardous.
Place under world controls essential natural resources which may be limited or unevenly distributed about the Earth. Find and implement ways to reduce wastes and find ways to minimize disparities when development or production is insufficient to supply everybody with all that may be needed.
Provide for the examination and assessment of technological innovations which are or may be of supranational consequence, to determine possible hazards or perils to humanity or the environment; institute such controls and regulations of technology as may be found necessary to prevent or correct widespread hazards or perils to human health and welfare.
Carry out intensive programs to develop safe alternatives to any technology or technological processes which may be hazardous to the environment, the ecological system, or human health and welfare.
Resolve supra-national problems caused by gross disparities in technological development or capability, capital formation, availability of natural resources, educational opportunity, economic opportunity, and wage and price differentials. Assist the processes of technology transfer under conditions which safeguard human welfare and the environment and contribute to minimizing disparities.
Intervene under procedures to be defined by the World Parliament in cases of either intra-state violence and intra-state problems which seriously affect world peace or universal human rights.
Develop a world university system. Obtain the correction of prejudicial communicative materials which cause misunderstandings or conflicts due to differences of race, religion, sex, national origin or affiliation.
Organize, coordinate and/or administer a voluntary, non-military World Service Corps, to carry out a wide variety of projects designed to serve human welfare.
Designate as may be found desirable an official world language or official world languages.
Establish and operate a system of world parks, wild life preserves, natural places, and wilderness areas.
Define and establish procedures for initiative and referendum by the Citizens of Earth on matters of supra-national legislation not prohibited by this World Constitution.
Establish such departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, corporations, administrations, or agencies as may by needed to carry out any and all of the functions and powers of the World Government.
Serve the needs of humanity in any and all ways which are now, or may prove in the future to be, beyond the capacity of national and local governments.

Article 5 - The World Parliament
Sec. A - Functions and Powers of the World Parliament

The functions and powers of the World Parliament shall comprise the following:

To prepare and enact detailed legislation in all areas of authority and jurisdiction granted to the World Government under Article IV of this World Constitution.
To amend or repeal world laws as may be found necessary or desirable.
To approve, amend or reject the international laws developed prior to the advent of World Government, and to codify and integrate the system of world law and world legislation under the World Government.
To establish such regulations and directions as may be needed, consistent with this world constitution, for the proper functioning of all organs, branches, departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, agencies or parts of the World Government.
To review, amend and give final approval to each budget for the World Government, as submitted by the World Executive; to devise the specific means for directly raising funds needed to fulfill the budget, including taxes, licenses, fees, globally accounted social and public costs which must be added into the prices for goods and services, loans and credit advances, and any other appropriate means; and to appropriate and allocate funds for all operations and functions of the World Government in accordance with approved budgets, but subject to the right of the Parliament to revise any appropriation not yet spent or contractually committed.
To create, alter, abolish or consolidate the departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, agencies or other parts of the World Government as may be needed for the best functioning of the several organs of the World Government, subject to the specifi c provisions of this World Constitution.
To approve the appointments of the heads of all major departments, commissions, offices, agencies and other parts of the several organs of the World Government, except those chosen by electoral or civil service procedures.
To remove from office for cause any member of the World Executive, and any elective or appointive head of any organ, department, office, agency or other part of the World Government, subject to the specific provisions in this World Constitution concerning specific offices.
To define and revise the boundaries of the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, the World Electoral and Administrative Regions and Magna Regions, and the Continental Divisions.
To schedule the implementation of those provisions of the World Constitution which require implementation by stages during the several stages of Provisional World Government, First Operative Stage of World Government, Second Operative Stage of World Government, and Full Operative Stage of World Government, as defined in Articles XVII and XIX of this World Constitution.
To plan and schedule the implementation of those provisions of the World Constitution which may require a period of years to be accomplished.

Sec. B - Composition of the World Parliament

The World Parliament shall be composed of three houses, designated as follows:

The House of Peoples, to represent the people of Earth directly and equally;
The House of Nations, to represent the nations which are joined together in the Federation of Earth; and a
House of Counsellors with particular functions to represent the highest good and best interests of humanity as a whole.

All members of the World Parliament, regardless of House, shall be designated as Members of the World Parliament.

Sec. C - The House of Peoples

The House of Peoples shall be composed of the peoples delegates directly elected in proportion to population from the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, as defined in Article 2-4.
Peoples delegates shall be elected by universal adult suffrage, open to all persons of age 18 and above.
One peoples delegate shall be elected from each World Electoral and Administrative District to serve a five year term in the House of Peoples. Peoples delegates may be elected to serve successive terms without limit. Each peoples delegate shall have one vote.
A candidate for election to serve as a peoples delegate must be at least 21 years of age, a resident for at least one year of the electoral district from which the candidate is seeking election, and shall take a pledge of service to humanity.

Sec. D - The House of Nations (IS NEXT SUBJECT go see)

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